A
Abrasion: wearing away of a tooth due to abrasives.
Abscess: the formation of a sac of bacteria. Symptons are swelling pain, throbbing, and a sensation of heat.
Anaesthesia: drug to block off any pain impulses from the nerves.
Analgenic: pain killer.
Ankylosis: teeth that do not fully erupt because they are attached to the bone..
Antibiotics: medication to fight off bacteria causing infection.
Asepsis: sterilization of the surroundings and instruments to prevent infections.
Attrition: wearing away of a tooth due to the opposing tooth and grinding.

B
Bleaching: oxygenating and conditioning the teeth with an acid based gel
Bridge: when missing teeth, a dentist can use two or more teeth present to "bridge" the space.

C
Calcification: the pulp is hardened due to calcium and phosphorous salts.
Calculus: hardened plaque.
Cavities: when acids decalcify the tooth enamal and disintegrates the dentin.
          - Caused by acids produced by microbialenzymatic action on ingested carbohydrates.
Cementum: the dull yellow surface of a root.
Cingulum: an enlargement or bulge on the lingual aspect of the front teeth.
Contact point: area where two adjacent teeth touch each other. You floss the contact point.
Crossbite: when the lower back teeth overlap the upper back teeth when closing the mouth
Crowding: lack of space produces teeth that are overlapping
Cusp: a point or peak on the top surface of a tooth.

D
Deciduous dentition: (Baby Teeth) the primary dentition, also known as the milk teeth (20).
Dentin: the hard tissue under the enamel and cementum.
Denture:
          - Full denture: when the patient has no teeth (edentulous).
          - Immediate: getting a denture at the time the patient gets teeth extracted.
          - Partial: when the patient has a few teeth (partially edentulous).
Diastema: the space present when the central incisor are separated.

E
Edgewise: orthodontic appliance
Enamel: the hard shiny surface of a tooth.
Erosion: a dissolution of tooth due to reason unknown.
Excision: cutting and harvesting the tissue usually for study of possible pathology
Extraction: removal of a tooth.

F
Fistula: tract made by infection exiting often through the gingiva and resembling a pimple.
Full denture: when the patient has no teeth (edentulous).
Fusion: tooth appears double but a separation is present due to two teeth fusing together.

G
Gemination: tooth appears double due to splitting of a single tooth germ.
Gingiva: the soft tissue that surrounds a tooth (the gum).
Gingivitis: inflammation of the gingiva (bleeding gums).
Graft: a piece of tissue taken from one area and placed at another.
Groove: a sharply defined linear depression.

H
Hutchinson's teeth: screwdriver shaped teeth due to prenatal syphilis.

I
Immediate denture: getting a denture at the time the patient gets teeth extracted.
Impacted Tooth: a tooth that is blocked fully or partially from exiting the gum line by an adjacent tooth.
          - Full bony extraction: the tooth is submerged in the bone, full bone removal is necessary.
          - Fully soft tissue extraction: the tooth is submerged in the tissue, full cutting is necessary.
          - Partly bony extraction: partial bone must be taken out to be able to reach the tooth to be extracted.
          - Partly soft tissue extraction: partial cutting of the tissue is needed to reach the tooth to be extracted.
Implant:
          - A substitute for a lost tooth. It functions as additional support, most often providing the very important option of esthetics, non removable rather than removable tooth replacement. Implants are fabricated from body compatible bio-materials, most often titanium or one of its alloys. It can vary in shape from a blade-like shape to a screw type shape.
Incision and drainage: cutting of tisue in order to allow the infection to flow out and reduce pain and the swelling.
Incision: cutting.
Inlay: restoration used when less than 3/4 of a tooth is present and the cusps are not missing.
Intravenous sedation: putting someone to sleep with an IV.

J
N/A

K
N/A

L
Laminate Veneer: fingernail like restoration made of porcelain or composite.

M
Mandible: the lower jaw.
Maxillae: the upper jaw.

N
Nightguard: occlusal guard.

O
Occlusal guard: appliance used to prevent grinding (nightguard).
Onlay: restoration used when 3/4 of a tooth and part of the cusps are missing.
Open bite: due mostly to thumb sucking, the front teeth do not touch when closing the mouth
Overbite: when the upper front teeth overlap the lower front when teeth when closing your mouth
Overdenture: denture made over existing teeth or root tips that have had root canal. These roots are left there in order to reduce bone loss.
Overjet: the distance between the upper and lower front teeth, when the upper are bucked out and the lower are more refracted inside towards the tongue.

P
Palate, Hard: the front part of the roof of the mouth.
Palate, Soft: the back part of the roof of the mouth.
Paraesthesia: lack of sensation at the sensory level.
Papillate: gums between the teeth. Partial denture: when the patient has a few teeth (partially edentulous).
Pericoronitis: gingival tissue area of an empty tooth that is inflamed. Most often the Wisdom Tooth.
Periodontitis: inflammation of the bone (bone loss).
Pin and tube: orthodontic appliance
Plaque: film of materials made up of saliva, molds and bacteria. Dead cells, blood cells, food particles and bacterial residues.
Post and core: used in order to build up tooth to be able to place a crown on it.
Pulp: the center of a tooth made up of vessels and nerve tissue.

Q
N/A

R
Recontouring: reshaping the teeth.
Retainer: appliance to hold the teeth in a certain position.
Ribbon arch: orthodontic appliance
Root canal: removal of the nerve tissue due to infection from cavities or trauma, and filled with gutta percha.
Root planning: scraping root below the gums.

S
Scaling: scraping of the tooth above the gums.
Sinus: air spaces above the upper teeth.
Space maintainer: appliance used to allow teeth to come into a certain area.
Splint: appliance used to stabilize loose teeth.
Succedaneous dentition: the permanent dentition (32).
Suture: stitches.

T
TEETH
          - Canines: the cornerstone of the mouth, the fangs or the cuspid (upper and lower).
          - Incisors, Lateral: the next teeth on either side of the central incisors (upper and lower).
          - Incisors, Central: the two front teeth, the cutting teeth (upper and lower).
          - Molars: the back teeth, the chewing teeth (upper and lower).
          - Premolar: the middle teeth or the bicuspid (upper and lower).
TMJ(TMD): temporomandibular joint(disorder), the place near the ear where the lower jaw "joins" the skull. A defect of the disc or other parts are involved. A clicking is most common.

U
Uvula: a small fleshy structure hanging from the center of the soft palate.

V
N/A

W
N/A

X
N/A

Y
N/A

Z
N/A